BANUK: The borders of BiH are a historical category determined by the Berlin Congress in 1878

BORDERS OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA – GEOGRAPHICAL ANALYSIS

The vice-president of BANUK, academician prof. dr. Muriz Spahić and the Secretary General of BANUK, academician prof. dr. Nedzad Korajlic

In the Academic – Discourse held on Sunday, April 24, 2022. in the ceremonial hall “Atrium” of the Hotel Evropa in Sarajevo on the topic “Borders of Bosnia and Herzegovina – geographical analysis” lecturer academician prof. dr. Muriz Spahić, Vice President of the Bosnian Academy of Sciences and Arts “Kulin Ban” analyzed the geographical problems of the borders of Bosnia and Herzegovina and pointed out that the borders of Bosnia and Herzegovina are political and geographical determinants, according to which the surface should be defined first. the direct function of its boundaries.

Considering that its borders have not been ratified by two of the three neighbors (R. Croatia and R. Serbia), while with the Republic of Montenegro on 24.11.2015. yr. ratified to the detriment of Bosnia and Herzegovina), data on its area are presented differently and, therefore, the areas in question are not only those less than 1 km² but several tens and even hundreds of km².

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Bosnia and Herzegovina borders its neighbors with land (oro-hydrographic) and sea borders. The issue of the sea border of Bosnia and Herzegovina with the Republic of Croatia is further complicated by the construction of the Peljesac Bridge in determining the sea corridor to the open sea.

In the continuation, the lecturer pointed out that the geographical borders of a state are defined as territorial integrity, sovereignty, integrity, historical continuity, achievements of civilization, historical, cultural, and natural heritage, property and natural resources, etc. Borders are the framework of the surface of the territory where social, political, economic, and any other activity of the state takes place.

The borders of Bosnia and Herzegovina are a historical category determined by the Berlin Congress in 1878 with two exits to the Adriatic Sea, recognized by the Presidency of AVNOJ on February 24, 1945. yr. were determinants for the recognition of its independence by the Badinter Commission following the 1992 Independence Referendum.

The borders of BiH in the former SFRY had an internal character, so as such they did not inherit their international verification. Despite that, the borders of Bosnia and Herzegovina are a historical category, they are very natural and extremely noticeable, and recognizable on maps of medium and large scale. Unfortunately, there is no detailed ratified topographic description of borders, except with Montenegro.

The general problem lies in the fact that in BiH there are no state institutions for dealing with cartographic and toponymic presentation and making large-scale maps without cartographic deformations according to which they could determine the measurement indicators of its territory. We still use topographic maps from half a century ago.

At the end of the presentation, Academician Muriz Spahić emphasized that the unresolved issue of Bosnia and Herzegovina’s borders since 1992, when it gained its independence, has no other explanation than that the neighbors who attacked our country continue the war by other means.

There is ample evidence of such claims. The most relevant lies in the fact that the neighbors owe huge funds for unpaid resources that they use directly from the borderlines for HPP Zvornik and Bajna Bašta, towards the Republic of Serbia and Buško Lake towards the Republic of Croatia.